The Charity Prayer
Dhuha (Duha) is a voluntary prayer performed in the forenoon, after sunrise and before Dhuhr. It is also known as 'Salat al-Awwabin' (the prayer of the oft-repenting).
The Virtue of Dhuha
The Prophet ﷺ said: 'Charity is due on every joint of a person every day the sun rises. Making peace between people is charity, and every Tasbihah (SubhanAllah), Tahmidah (Alhamdulillah), Tahlilah (La ilaha illallah) and Takbirah (Allahu Akbar) is charity. And two Rak'ahs of Duha prayer is sufficient for that' (Sahih Muslim 720).
The Reward
Performing two rak'ahs of Dhuha is equivalent to giving charity for every joint in the body (360 joints). The Prophet ﷺ said: 'Whoever prays Duha prayer with two Rak'ahs will not be recorded among the heedless' (Sunan Abu Dawud 1289).
The Best Time
The best time for Dhuha is when the sun has risen high and becomes hot (approximately one hour after sunrise until before Dhuhr). The Prophet ﷺ said: 'The prayer of the penitent is when the young camels feel the heat' (Sahih Muslim 748).
How to Perform Dhuha
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Minimum: Two rak'ahs (suffices for the charity of all joints).
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Recommended: Four rak'ahs.
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Maximum: Eight rak'ahs (as the Prophet ﷺ sometimes did).
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Recitation: Can recite any Surahs, but Surah ash-Shams (91) and ad-Duha (93) are recommended.
Benefits of Dhuha Prayer:
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Charity for All Joints: Two rak'ahs fulfill the charity due on every joint.
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Protection from Negligence: Keeps one from being among the heedless.
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Blessing of the Day: Brings barakah to the entire day.
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Easy Reward: A simple act with immense reward.
Reference: Based on authentic Hadith